NAR Issue Brief: FinCEN's Renewed Geographic Targeting Order

The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), one of the U.S. Treasury’s leading agencies in the fight against money laundering and financing of terrorism, has renewed the Geographic Targeting Order (GTO) that imposes data collection and reporting requirements on title companies involved in certain high-end real estate transactions.

FinCEN issued an updated GTO effective beginning on April 19, 2024, through October 15, 2024, requiring title companies to continue to collect and report information involving persons engaged in residential real estate transactions of $300,000 or more made without a bank loan or other similar financing, and $50,000 in the greater Baltimore region. FinCEN renewed the GTOs in the current states California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nevada, New York, Texas, Washington, Virginia, and the District of Columbia.

Residential real estate transactions for the purchase of real property in the amount of $50,000 or more in the City or County of Baltimore in Maryland, or in the amount of $300,000 or more that are purchased without a mortgage, or any similar form of financing must be reported in the following areas:

• Texas: Bexar, Tarrant, Dallas, Montgomery, Harris, or Web, Travis Counties
• Florida: Miami-Dade, Broward, or Palm Beach, Hillsborough, Pasco, Pinellas, Manatee, Sarasota, Charlotte, Lee, and Collier Counties  
• Maryland: Montgomery, Anne Arundel, Prince George’s or Howard Counties, Baltimore City and County. 
• New York: Boroughs—Brooklyn, Queens, Bronx, Staten Island or Manhattan
• California: San Diego, Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Mateo, or Santa Clara Counties
• Colorado: Adams, Arapahoe, Clear Creek, Denver, Douglas, Eagle, Elbert, El Paso, Fremont, Jefferson, Mesa, Pitkin, Pueblo, or Summit Counties
• Connecticut: Fairfield or Litchfield County
• District of Columbia
• Hawaii: City and County of Honolulu, Maui, and Kauai
• Nevada: Clark County
• Virginia: Arlington or Fairfax Counties; or the cities of Alexandria, Falls Church, or Fairfax
• Washington: King County
• Massachusetts: Suffolk or Middlesex, Bristol, Essex, Norfolk, and Plymouth Counties
• Illinois: Cook County

In accordance with the GTOs, title companies, and their agents, must file a report with FinCEN regarding covered purchases of residential real property meeting the requirements above when such purchases are made without a bank loan or similar external financing and is paid at least in part by using currency or a cashier’s check, a certified check, a traveler’s check, a personal check, a business check, money order, or virtual currency. Pursuant to federal legislation that directed Treasury to allow investigators to obtain additional records to better target illicit Russian activity, the GTOs also now include wire funds transfers.

The GTOs do not impose any new obligations on real estate professionals. However, it is important for members to be aware of these and the potential impact on real estate sales transactions. In the event a transaction is covered by a GTO, the title company may consult with the real estate professional to obtain information necessary to report in compliance with the order. Such communications should not affect the real estate sales transaction or timeline for closing as title companies are required to report GTO covered transactions to FinCEN within 30 days of the closing.